Penerapan Prinsip Tanggung Jawab Keamanan dalam Penanggulangan Pencemaran Maritim Di Laut Nias Utara
Tinjauan Kepentingan Nasional Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v24i1.807Kata Kunci:
Pencemaran Laut, Laut Nias, Kepentingan Nasional, Tanggung Jawab KetatAbstrak
Studi ini menganalisis penerapan prinsip tanggung jawab ketat dalam mengatasi pencemaran laut yang disebabkan oleh kapal di Perairan Nias Utara, dengan fokus pada insiden tumpahan aspal MT AASHI dan implikasinya terhadap kepentingan nasional Indonesia. Menggunakan desain penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menyelidiki tanggapan hukum, kerangka peraturan, dan kewajiban internasional melalui analisis dokumen dan data berbasis lapangan. Penelitian ini menyoroti bahwa pemerintah Indonesia menanggapi dengan membentuk tim investigasi gabungan dan menuntut pertanggungjawaban dari kapal berbendera asing, yang beroperasi di bawah bendera kenyamanan tanpa perlindungan asuransi yang jelas. Studi ini mengidentifikasi kepentingan nasional utama Indonesia dalam kasus ini: keamanan lingkungan, kedaulatan ekonomi, dan otoritas yurisdiksi atas Zona Ekonomi Eksklusifnya. Sebagai pihak MARPOL dan UNCLOS,
Indonesia menjunjung tinggi kewajiban internasional untuk mencegah pencemaran laut, sekaligus menegakkan prinsip tanggung jawab ketat di dalam negeri berdasarkan UU No. 32/2009. Mekanisme hukum ini memungkinkan negara untuk mengejar akuntabilitas lingkungan tanpa membuktikan kelalaian, sehingga memperkuat penegakan hukum terhadap pencemar dan mengamankan kompensasi atas kerugian material dan immaterial. Secara keseluruhan, studi ini menawarkan wawasan tentang bagaimana Indonesia dapat mengintegrasikan konvensi maritim internasional dengan instrumen hukum nasional untuk mempertahankan ekosistem laut dan menegakkan
kedaulatan negara dalam tata kelola maritim.
Unduhan
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