Public Discourse on Sustainable Transportation: Case Study of Electrification of Transportation Modes in DKI Jakarta

Satria Iman Prasetyo; Aris Widyo Nugroho; Cahya Damarjati; Faizatur Rochmah

Authors

Satria Iman Prasetyo Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7992-8060
Aris Widyo Nugroho Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Cahya Damarjati Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-6321
Faizatur Rochmah Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Keywords:

Sustainable Transportation, Electrification of Transportation, Public Discourse, Three Dimensions of Sustainability

Abstract

The policy of electrification of transportation modes in DKI Jakarta has created debate among the public, especially on social media. The policy of creating an environmentally friendly electric transportation ecosystem is not accompanied by supporting aspects of sustainable transportation. This research explores this debate by linking it to aspects of sustainable transportation, such as the environment, society, and economy, to understand and assess the development of transportation electrification. The qualitative method used in this research is a Q-Das approach using NVIVO 12 Plus as software that helps collect and analyze data found on Social Media. The study found that the public needs to view transportation electrification policies as fully sustainable. Firstly, in the social dimension, the public criticized the policy of transitioning transportation to electricity without being accompanied by an energy transition as a "false solution". This is based on the energy source for electric transportation originating from coal-fired power plants, which are also the main contributors to pollutants. Second, in the economic dimension, the public views that the massive electric transportation ecosystem still needs to be supported by supporting aspects such as the availability of SPKLU. The estimated time for recharging batteries, which is relatively long compared to refueling conventional transportation, is considered to hamper and influence public economic activities. In the environmental dimension, the public criticizes that if a massive transportation electrification policy is carried out, it will require excessive electricity use. This is seen as inefficient and creates new problems that previously stemmed from excessive fuel use

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adhikari, M., Ghimire, L. P., Kim, Y., Aryal, P., & Khadka, S. B. (2020). Identification and Analysis of Barriers against Electric Vehicle Use. Sustainabillity, 12(12). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124850

Agus Raksodewanto, A., & Teknologi Bahan Bakar dan Rekayasa Disain -BPPT, B. (n.d.). MEMBANDINGKAN MOBIL LISTRIK DENGAN MOBIL KONVENSIONAL.

Angelis, E. De, Carnevale, C., Marcoberardino, G. Di, Turrini, E., & Volta, M. (2022). Low Emission Road Transport Scenarios: An Integrated Assessment of Energy Demand, Air Quality, GHG Emission, and Cost. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 19(1).

Apriyani, S. (2023). Kerja Sama Pemerintah dan NGO Dalam Pengarustamaan Isu dan Praktik Politik Lingkungan melalui Program Switch Asia Government and NGO Collaboration in Mainstreaming Environmental Political Issues and Practices through the Switch Asia Program. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 22(01). https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v22i1.448

Ashari, A. (2023). Perpres No 79/2023 Resmi Terbit, Pemerintah Sah Berikan Insentif Mobil Listrik CBU. Retrieved March 10, 2024, from Liputan6.com website: https://www.liputan6.com/otomotif/read/5479937/perpres-no-792023-resmi-terbit-pemerintah-sah-berikan-insentif-mobil-listrik-cbu

Austmann, L. M., & Vigne, S. A. (2021). Does environmental awareness fuel the electric vehicle market? A Twitter keyword analysis. Energy Economics, 101(105337). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105337

Ayu, N., & Nurjaman, A. (2022). Implementasi Pelaksanaan Pengawasan Pembangunan oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD). Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 21(1), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v21i1.287

Aziz, M., Marcellino, Y., Agnita Rizki, I., Anwar Ikhwanuddin, S., & Welman Simatupang, J. (n.d.). STUDI ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI DAN DUKUNGAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA TERKAIT MOBIL LISTRIK (Vol. 22).

Azizah, N., Khoirunnisa, G. A., Nuzulia, N., Muhammad, R. S., & Su’udi, M. (2020). Review: Mekanisme Miko-Heterotrof Tumbuhan Monotropa. JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains Dan Teknologi), 3(2), 49. https://doi.org/10.30595/jrst.v3i2.4142

Beaudet, A., Larouche, F., Amouegar, K., Bouchard, P., & Zaghib, K. (2020). Key Challenges and Opportunities for Recycling Electric Vehicle Battery Material. Sustainabillity, 12(14).

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications Ltd.

Efendi, A., Perawatan, J. T., Mesin, P., & Subang, P. N. (2020). RANCANG BANGUN MOBIL LISTRIK SULA POLITEKNIK NEGERI SUBANG. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Dan Kejuruan, 17(1).

Faraneh, H., De Oliveira, J. A. P., McLellan, B., & Ohgaki, H. (2019). Towards a Low Emission Transport System: Evaluating the Public Health and Environmental Benefits. Energies, 12(19). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/en12193747

Fauzan Iscahyono, A., & Kusumantoro, I. P. (2023). Studi Kelembagaan dalam Keberlanjutan Becak Tradisional di Kota Yogyakarta Institutions in the Sustainability of Traditional Becak in Yogyakarta City. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 22(01), 60–73. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v22i1.447

Feng, J., Xu, S. X., & Li, M. (2021). A novel multi-criteria decision-making method for selecting the site of an electric-vehicle charging station from a sustainable perspective. Sustainable Cities and Society, 65(102623). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102623

Fikri, I. (2023). Terungkap Fakta, Warga Jakarta Lebih Pilih Naik Motor Ketimbang Transportasi Publik. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from Motorplus website: https://www.motorplus-online.com/read/253713587/terungkap-fakta-warga-jakarta-lebih-pilih-naik-motor-ketimbang-transportasi-publik

Gota, S., Huienga, C., Peet, K., Medimorec, N., & Bakker, S. (2018). Decarbonising Transport to Achieve Paris Agreement Targets. Energy Efficiency, 12, 363–386.

Hafid Risalbi, H., Cikusin, Y., & Hayat, H. (2021). Responsivitas Pelayanan Publik Dinas Perhubungan Kota Malang terhadap Tingginya Tingkat Pengaduan Masyarakat. Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v20i1.135

Hanif, H. (2023). Bias Kota dalam Solusi Mobil Listrik Mengatasi Polusi Udara Jakarta. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from The Conversation website: https://theconversation.com/bias-kota-dalam-solusi-mobil-listrik-mengatasi-polusi-udara-jakarta-212456

Hartawan, E. (2023). Jakarta Sudah Punya 4 SPKLU dan 7 SPBKLU, Direncanakan Akan Bertambah. Tempo.Co.

Haryanto. (2022). Batas Emisi Kendaraan dari Euro 2 Menuju Euro 4 Resmi Ditetapkan. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from Media Indonesia website: https://mediaindonesia.com/humaniora/485370/batas-emisi-kendaraan-dari-euro-2-manuju-euro-4-resmi-ditetapkan

Hasjanah, K., & Simanjuntak, U. (2023). IEVO 2023: Electrification of Transportation to Reduce GHG Emissions. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from IESR website: https://iesr.or.id/en/ievo-2023-electrification-of-transportation-to-reduce-ghg-emissions

Hidayah, F. N. (2023). Jumlah Kendaraan Bermotor di Jakarta Terus Meningkat dalam 5 Tahun Terakhir. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from goodstat website: https://data.goodstats.id/statistic/Fitrinurhdyh/jumlah-kendaraan-bermotor-di-jakarta-terus-meningkat-dalam-5-tahun-terakhir-skZyR

Humaira, F. R. (2022). Media Informasi yang Paling Sering Diakses Masyarakat. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from databoks website: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/07/20/media-informasi-yang-paling-sering-diakses-masyarakat

IESR. (2020). Kendaraan Listrik dan Dekarbonisasi Sektor Transportasi Darat Indonesia. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from IESR website: https://iesr.or.id/kendaraan-listrik-dan-dekarbonisasi-sektor-transportasi-darat-indonesia

Jenihasen, R. (2023). Tren Mobil Listrik, Bisakah Menjadi Solusi Mengatasi Polusi Udara? Retrieved March 1, 2024, from National

Geographic Indonesia website: https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/133681966/tren-mobil-listrik-bisakah-menjadi-solusi-mengatasi-polusi-udara#google_vignette%0A

Kementerian Keuangan. (2022). Ini Komitmen Indonesia Mencapai Net Zero Emission. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from kemenkeu.go.id website: https://www.kemenkeu.go.id/informasi-publik/publikasi/berita-utama/Ini-Komitmen-Indonesia-Mencapai-Net-Zero-Emission

Khaerunnisa, R. (2023). Implementasi Program Insentif Mobil Listrik Dinilai Perlu Penyesuaian. Antara News.Com.

Kumar, R. R., & Alok, K. (2020a). Adoption of electric vehicle: A literature review and prospects for sustainability. Journal of Clearner Production, 253(119911). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119911

Kumar, R. R., & Alok, K. (2020b, April 20). Adoption of electric vehicle: A literature review and prospects for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 253. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119911

Kurniawan, R., & Ferdian, A. (2023). ASN Diimbau Pakai Kendaraan Listrik, Dananya dari Kantong Pribadi. Kompas.Com.

Lesmana, S. D., Mulianti, Sari, D. Y., & Arafat, A. (2021). ANALISA KEKUATAN IMPACT PADA ALUMINIUM 6061 DENGAN VARIASI LAPISAN SERAT KARBON APLIKASI KERANGKA MOBIL LISTRIK. VOMEK, 3(1).

Luqman Sayoko, B., Mohammad, R., Putra, Z. H., Bagoes, D., & Pramudiksa, A. (2023). PERANCANGAN KENDARAN LISTRIK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF TRANSPORTASI BERKELANJUTAN DI MASA DEPAN.

Maulida, K., Korespondensi, E., & Khairunnisamaulida123@, : (2021). Forum Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia (Walhi) Lampung dalam Kasus Revisi Perda RZWP3K Berdasarkan Perspektif Advocacy Coalition Framework Walhi Lampung Forum in The Case Of RZWP3K Perda Revision Based on Advocacy Coalition Framework Perspective. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 20(02). https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v20i2.157

Morton, C., Lavelace, R., & Anable, J. (2017). Exploring the effect of local transport policies on the adoption of low emission vehicles: Evidence from the London Congestion Charge and Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Transport Policy, 60, 34–46.

Muhammad, D. A., & Maulana, A. (2024). Kemenko Marves Sebut Harga Mobil Listrik Kemahalan. Kompas.Com.

Padhilah, F. A. (2023). Kendaraan Listrik di Indonesia: Masa Depan dan Dampak Lingkungan. Retrieved March 10, 2024, from Mongabay website: https://www.mongabay.co.id/2023/01/25/kendaraan-listrik-di-indonesia-masa-depan-dan-dampak-lingkungan/

Parikesit, G. (2019). Jakarta Langit Biru, Kampanye Mobil Listrik Ala DKI. Tempo.Co.

Parinduri, L., & Parinduri, T. (2018). Kontribusi Konversi Mobil Konvensional Ke Mobil Listrik Dalam Penanggulangan Pemanasan Global. In Cetak) Journal of Electrical Technology (Vol. 3).

Parinduri, L., Yusmartato, & Parinduri, T. (2018). Kontribusi Konversi Mobil Konvensional ke Mobil Listrik Dalam Penanggulangan Pemanasan Global. Journal of Electrical Technology, 3(2).

Praditya, I. I. (2023). Biang Kerok Polusi Udara Jakarta: Transportasi dan Industri. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from Liputan6.com website: https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5371242/biang-kerok-polusi-udara-jakarta-transportasi-dan-industri

Pusparini, P. D. (n.d.). ANALISIS PENERAPAN PAJAK KARBON DAN ULEZ TERHADAP PENURUNAN EMISI KARBON DI INDONESIA.

Ramadhani, S., & Yuliana, L. (2023). Pengaruh Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Minat Beli Mobil Listrik Mercedes-Benz EQS. Jurnal Orientasi Bisnis Dan Entrepreneurship (JOBS), 4(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.33476/jobs.v4i1.3614

Ravel, S. (2021). 7 Tantangan Transisi Kendaraan Listri di Indonesia. Kompas.Com.

Rayanti, D. (2023). Dapat Subsidi sampai Rp 70 Jutaan, Seberapa Laris Mobil Listrik di Indonesia. Detikoto.

Reinhardt, R., Christodoulou, I., Gasso-Domingo, S., & Garcia, B. A. (2019). Towards sustainable business models for electric vehicle battery second use: A critical review. Journal of Environmental Management, 245, 432–446. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.095

Riyadi, A. F., Rahman, F. R., Nofa Pratama, M. A., Khafidli, M. K., & Patria, H. (2021). Pengukuran Sentimen Sosial Terhadap Teknologi Kendaraan Listrik: Bukti Empiris di Indonesia. EXPERT: Jurnal Manajemen Sistem Informasi Dan Teknologi, 11(2), 141. https://doi.org/10.36448/expert.v11i2.2171

Sari, H. P., & Djumena, E. (2023). Insentif Kendaraan Listrik Mulai 20 Maret 2023, Simak Skema, Penerima, dan Produsennya. Retrieved March 10, 2024, from Kompas.com website: https://money.kompas.com/read/2023/03/07/083400626/insentif-kendaraan-listrik-mulai-20-maret-2023-simak-skema-penerima-dan

Setiawan, R. (2023). KLHK: 24,5 Juta Kendaraan Jadi Penyebab Utama Polusi di Jakarta.

Skeete, J.-P., Wells, P., Dong, X., Heidrich, O., & Harper, G. (2020). Beyond the Event Horizon: Battery waste, recycling, and sustainability in the United Kingdom electric vehicle transition. Energy Research & Social Science, 69(101581). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101581

Sopjani, L., Stier, J. J., Ritzen, S., Hesselgren, M., & Georen, P. (2019). Involving users and user roles in the transition to sustainable mobility systems: The case of light electric vehicle sharing in Sweden. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 71, 207–221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.12.011

Studi, P., Mesin, T., Tanjungpura, U., Prof, J., & Nawawi, H. H. (2022). Analisis Sistem Kemudi untuk Perbaikan Rancangan Mobil Listrik Kapuas I Fakultas Teknik UNTAN (1)* Abdul Rahim, (2) Ivan Sujana, (3) Eddy Kurniawan (1)(3). In Sujana & Kurniawan (Vol. 3).

Suluh, D., Dewi, K., Yulianti, D. B., & Yusdiawan, I. A. (2022). Analisis Hambatan E-Government: Sebuah Kajian Teoritis An Analysis of Barriers to E-government: A Theoretical Study. Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 21(01), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v21i1.336

Tim BBC News Indonesia. (2023). Kendaraan Listrik Disebut “Solusi Palsu” Untuk Perbaiki Kualitas Udara di Indonesia. Retrieved March 1, 2024, from bbc.com website: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c51qrg47241o

Tim Warta Ekonomi. (2024). Fokus Produksi Nikel, Harita Optimis Akan Masa Depan Kendaraan Listrik. Retrieved March 10, 2024, from wartaekonomi.co.id website: https://wartaekonomi.co.id/read530489/fokus-produksi-nikel-harita-optimis-akan-masa-depan-kendaraan-listrik

Trinko, D., Horesh, N., Porter, E., Dunckley, J., Miller, E., & Bradley, T. (2023). Transportation and electricity systems integration via electric vehicle charging-as-a-service: A review of techno-economic and societal benefits. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 175(113180).

Uliyasi Simanjuntak, K. H. (2022). IESR: Electric Vehicle Incentive Need to Focus on Two-Wheeler Vehicles and Public Transportation Electrification.

Yasa, A., Suswanta, S., Rafi, M., Rahmanto, F., Setiawan, D., & Iqbal Fadhlurrohman, M. (2021). Penguatan Reformasi Birokrasi Menuju Era Society 5.0 di Indonesia. Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 20(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v20i1.139

Zhao, J., Xi, X., Na, Q., Wang, S., Kadry, S. N., & Kumar, P. M. (2021). The Technological Innovation of Hybrid and Plug-in Electric Vehicle for Environment Carbon Pollution Control. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 86(106506).