Tren Kebijakan Penanganan Stunting di Negara-Negara Berkembang di Asia Tenggara
Peran WHO untuk Mencapai Target Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v22i1.444Kata Kunci:
Stunting, Kebijakan, Negara BerkembangAbstrak
Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis akibat kurangnya asupan gizi sehingga mengakibatkan terganggunya pertumbuhan pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakkan topik dan isu penelitian tentang tren penanganan stunting di negara-negara berkembang Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada perkembangan kajian kebijakan publik dan memberikan perbandingan kebijakan serta langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh pemerintah dengan angka stunting tinggi. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo 20 dan Vosviewer sebagai alat analisis data. Artikel ini mereview 683 artikel yang bersumber dari database dimensions, selanjutnya dipilih sesuai dengan kriteria. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan banyak tren penanganan stunting yang dilakukan negara berkembang di Asia Tenggara sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kesanggupan negara. Kebijakan di Indonesia fokus pada peningkatan sanitasi yang layak, Malaysia memiliki program intervensi gizi dilakukan di setiap sekolah, pemerintah Myanmar memberikan perawatan khusus pada area pengungsian untuk meningkatkan keragaman makanan dan gizi yang cukup pada anak. Thailand sudah mencakup 20% pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan khususnya dalam protein hewani terutama untuk masyarakat miskin, Vietnam memiliki program intervensi gizi yang berupa pertanian dan ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena memberikan perbandingan kebijakan dan langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh negara-negara berkembang di Asia Tenggara khususnya yang memiliki angka stunting tinggi. Adanya perbedaan penanganan stunting yang dilakukan setiap negara dikarenakan kebutuhan dan kesanggupan negara masing-masing, namun dalam penanganan tersebut tetap sesuai dengan ketentuan dari WHO.
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