Stunting Policies
A Literature Review of Economic, Social, and Development Contexts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v24i1.836Keywords:
Stunting, Public Policy, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan serius yang berdampak multidimensional terhadap pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial, khususnya di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas berbagai kebijakan pencegahan stunting dari perspektif ekonomi, studi pembangunan, dan kebijakan kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis dengan sumber utama dari basis data Web of Science, menggunakan kata kunci “Stunting Policies” pada artikel yang terbit antara tahun 2004 hingga 2023. Sebanyak 68 artikel yang relevan dianalisis berdasarkan kategori ekonomi, pembangunan, kebijakan kesehatan, hukum, dan ilmu politik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan ekonomi yang efektif seperti peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga miskin, pendidikan perempuan, ketahanan pangan, serta akses terhadap layanan kesehatan dan sanitasi berperan penting dalam pencegahan stunting. Selain itu, Studi pembangunan menegaskan bahwa pengurangan stunting membutuhkan pendekatan yang menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan dengan fokus pada peningkatan pelayanan publik, pemberdayaan perempuan, pengentasan kemiskinan, serta penguatan infrastruktur di daerah tertinggal. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa penanggulangan stunting memerlukan kebijakan yang inklusif, lintas sektor, dan berkelanjutan, dengan mempertimbangkan konteks sosial serta ekonomi masyarakat secara menyeluruh.
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